A sensitive algorithm for detecting the inequivalence of Hadamard matrices
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- by Kai-Tai Fang and Gennian Ge PDF
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Abstract:
A Hadamard matrix of side $n$ is an $n \times n$ matrix with every entry either $1$ or $-1$, which satisfies $HH^{T}=nI$. Two Hadamard matrices are called equivalent if one can be obtained from the other by some sequence of row and column permutations and negations. To identify the equivalence of two Hadamard matrices by a complete search is known to be an NP hard problem when $n$ increases. In this paper, a new algorithm for detecting inequivalence of two Hadamard matrices is proposed, which is more sensitive than those known in the literature and which has a close relation with several measures of uniformity. As an application, we apply the new algorithm to verify the inequivalence of the known $60$ inequivalent Hadamard matrices of order $24$; furthermore, we show that there are at least $382$ pairwise inequivalent Hadamard matrices of order $36$. The latter is a new discovery.References
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Additional Information
- Kai-Tai Fang
- Affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Email: ktfang@math.hkbu.edu.hk
- Gennian Ge
- Affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Address at time of publication: Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University, Hongzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Email: gnge@public1.sz.js.cn
- Received by editor(s): July 9, 2001
- Received by editor(s) in revised form: November 28, 2001
- Published electronically: September 2, 2003
- Additional Notes: This research was supported in part by the Hong Kong RGC grants HKBU RC/98-99/Gen-370 and HKBU 2044/02P. The second author was also supported by statistics Research and Consultancy Centre, Hong Kong Baptist University and the YNSFC Grant 10001026
- © Copyright 2003 American Mathematical Society
- Journal: Math. Comp. 73 (2004), 843-851
- MSC (2000): Primary 68Q15, 05B20, 62K15
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/S0025-5718-03-01539-4
- MathSciNet review: 2031409