Möbius invariance of knot energy

Abstract:

A physically natural potential energy for simple closed curves in ${\textbf {R}}^{3}$ is shown to be invariant under Möbius transformations. This leads to the rapid resolution of several open problems: round circles are precisely the absolute minima for energy; there is a minimum energy threshold below which knotting cannot occur; minimizers within prime knot types exist and are regular. Finally, the number of knot types with energy less than any constant M is estimated.